Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) - British Virgin Islands (2002)

Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) z British Virgin Islands (2002)

	Antigua and Barbuda (2004)	British Virgin Islands (2002)

Administrative divisions	6 parishes and 2 dependencies; Barbuda, Redonda, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip*	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 28.1% (male 9,761; female 9,429) 15-64 years: 67.6% (male 23,179; female 23,023) 65 years and over: 4.3% (male 1,151; female 1,777) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 22.4% (male 2,401; female 2,351) 15-64 years: 72.7% (male 7,962; female 7,509) 65 years and over: 4.9% (male 565; female 484) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock	fruits, vegetables; livestock, poultry; fish
Airports	3 (2003 est.)	3 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km) land: 443 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km	total: 153 sq km land: 153 sq km water: 0 sq km note: comprised of 16 inhabited and more than 20 uninhabited islands; includes the island of Anegada
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.	First settled by the Dutch in 1648, the islands were annexed in 1672 by the English. The economy is closely tied to the larger and more populous US Virgin Islands to the west; the US dollar is the legal currency.
Birth rate	17.7 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	15.09 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $123.7 million expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $121.5 million expenditures: $115.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)
Capital	Saint John's (Antigua)	Road Town
Climate	tropical; little seasonal temperature variation	subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
Coastline	153 km	80 km
Constitution	1 November 1981	1 June 1977
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda	conventional long form: none conventional short form: British Virgin Islands abbreviation: BVI
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$231 million (1999)	$36.1 million (1997)
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Lionel A. HURST chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 362-5122 FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225 consulate(s) general: Miami	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.3 million (1995)	NA
Economy - overview	Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for slightly more than one-third of tourist arrivals.	The economy, one of the most stable and prosperous in the Caribbean, is highly dependent on tourism, generating an estimated 45% of the national income. An estimated 350,000 tourists, mainly from the US, visited the islands in 1998. In the mid-1980s, the government began offering offshore registration to companies wishing to incorporate in the islands, and incorporation fees now generate substantial revenues. Roughly 400,000 companies were on the offshore registry by yearend 2000. The adoption of a comprehensive insurance law in late 1994, which provides a blanket of confidentiality with regulated statutory gateways for investigation of criminal offenses, is expected to make the British Virgin Islands even more attractive to international business. Livestock raising is the most important agricultural activity; poor soils limit the islands' ability to meet domestic food requirements. Because of traditionally close links with the US Virgin Islands, the British Virgin Islands has used the dollar as its currency since 1959.
Electricity - consumption	97.89 million kWh (2001)	39.1 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production	105.3 million kWh (2001)	42 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Sage 521 m
Environment - current issues	water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly	limited natural fresh water resources (except for a few seasonal streams and springs on Tortola, most of the islands' water supply comes from wells and rainwater catchments)
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian	black 83%, white, Indian, Asian and mixed
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) (fixed rate since 1976)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since 10 June 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Baldwin SPENCER (since 24 March 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Tom MACAN (since 14 October 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Ralph T. O'NEAL (since 15 May 1995) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	NA (2001)	$6.2 million
Exports - commodities	petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8%	rum, fresh fish, fruits, animals; gravel, sand
Exports - partners	Germany 84.9%, UK 3.8%, US 3.3% (2003)	Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $311 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.9% industry: 19.2% services: 76.8% (2002)	agriculture: 2% industry: 6% services: 92% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $16,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2002 est.)	4.4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	17 03 N, 61 48 W	18 30 N, 64 30 W
Geography - note	Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor	strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico
Highways	total: 250 km (1999 est.)	total: 177 km paved: 177 km unpaved: 0 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe; large offshore financial center
Imports	NA (2001)	$230 million (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities	food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil	building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs, machinery
Imports - partners	US 26.5%, Singapore 10%, Poland 7%, Germany 6.1%, UK 6.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.4% (2003)	Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US
Independence	1 November 1981 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	6% (1997 est.)	4% (1985)
Industries	tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)	tourism, light industry, construction, rum, concrete block, offshore financial center
Infant mortality rate	total: 20.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 24.29 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	19.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.4% (2000 est.)	3.3% (2000)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	Caricom (associate), CDB, ECLAC (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, OECS (associate), UNESCO (associate)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	16 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	30,000	4,911 (1980)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 7%, industry 11%, services 82% (1983)	agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 18.18% permanent crops: 4.55% other: 77.27% (2001)	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 6.67% other: 73.33% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official), local dialects	English (official)
Legal system	based on English common law	English law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 23 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ALP 4, UPP 12, contested 1; note - new election will decide the contested seat	unicameral Legislative Council (13 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, one member from each of 9 electoral districts, four at-large members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 17 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - VIP 7, CCM 1, NDP 5
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 71.6 years male: 69.26 years female: 74.07 years (2004 est.)	total population: 75.85 years male: 74.9 years female: 76.84 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling total population: 89% male: 90% female: 88% (1960 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.8% (1991 est.) male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico	Caribbean, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	total: 867 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,873,626 GRT/7,683,143 DWT by type: bulk 25, cargo 477, chemical tanker 13, container 284, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large load carrier 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 32, vehicle carrier 1 foreign-owned: Australia 1, Bahamas 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Cyprus 1, Estonia 3, France 1, Germany 818, Greece 2, Iceland 5, Latvia 1, Lebanon 1, Lithuania 2, Malaysia 1, Netherlands 19, New Zealand 1, Norway 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 5, Sweden 2, Switzerland 5, Turkey 3, United States 10 registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 70,285 GRT/6,946 DWT ships by type: passenger 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (including Coast Guard)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)	Territory Day, 1 July
Nationality	noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s) adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan	noun: British Virgin Islander(s) adjective: British Virgin Islander
Natural hazards	hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts	hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
Natural resources	NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism	NEGL
Net migration rate	-6.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	10.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM)	Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United Party or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T. O'NEAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]	NA
Population	68,320 (July 2004 est.)	21,272 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	0.6% (2004 est.)	2.16% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint John's	Road Town
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	9,000 (1997)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)	Protestant 86% (Methodist 33%, Anglican 17%, Church of God 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 2%), Roman Catholic 10%, none 2%, other 2% (1991)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.17 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: good automatic telephone system international: country code - 1-268; 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe	general assessment: worldwide telephone service domestic: NA international: submarine cable to Bermuda
Telephones - main lines in use	38,000 (2002)	10,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	38,200 (2002)	NA
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	1 (plus one cable company) (1997)
Terrain	mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas	coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly
Total fertility rate	2.27 children born/woman (2004 est.)	1.72 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	11% (2001 est.)	3% (1995)
Waterways	-	none

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